Bringing the Holocaust into the Classroom: April 2007 - F. Solman, C. Touchette
This workshop by Freda Solman, Carole Touchette, Westpark School, dealt with their experiences during their three-week seminar at Yad Vashem (the Holocaust Centre in Jerusalem ) International School of Holocaust Studies (Dr. A. Rosen) and Israel. The workshop explained how the website at Yad Vashem can be used for teachers and students, as well as discussing the pilot project done by the Montreal Holocaust Centre on the book, Hana's Suitcase.
Bibliography
1. Website
2.1 General treatment of the subject of the Holocaust
Bauer, Yehuda. The Holocaust: A History , New York , Watts , 1982.
Dawidowicz, Lucy. The War Against Jews: 1933-194 , New York , Holt Rinehart and Winston, 1975.
2.2 Historiography
Kershaw, Ian. The Nazi Dictatorship, Problems and Perspectives of the Interpretation , London , Edward Arnold, 1989.
Maurrus, Michael Robert. The Holocaust in History , Hanover ; University of New England , 1987.
2.3 Nazi policies towards the Jews
Breitman, Richard. Himmler, The Architect of the Genocide
Browning, Christopher. Ordinary Men
Friedlander, Saul. Nazi Germany and the Jews 1933-39
2.4 Response of the bystanders
Feingold, Harry. The Politics of Rescue ; Rutgers University Press, 1970.
Wyman, David. The Abandonment of the Jews; New York , Pantheon Books, 1984.
2.5 Jews in the Ghettos
Arad , Yitzhak. Ghetto in Flames: The Struggle and the Destruction of Jews of Vilna in the Holocaust ; Jerusalem , Yad Vashem, 1980.
Gutman , Israel . The Jews of Warsaw ; University of Indiana Press, 1982.
2.6 Death Camps
Arad , Yitzhak. Belzec, Soibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard Death Camps ; Bloomington ; Indiana Press, 1987.
Hilberg, Raul. The Destruction of the European Jews ; Holmes and Meir, 1985.
Riess, Klee Dressen. The Good Old Days.
3. Bibliography for students
Auerbacher, Inge. I am a star , Penguin Books, 1986.
Greenfeld, Howard. After the Holocaust ; Scholastic, 2002.
The Holocaust ; Grolier Student Library, 5 Books, 2002.
Hesse, Kare. Letters from Rifka ; Random House, 1964.
Kacer, Kathy. The Night Spies ; Second Story Press, 2003.
Lowry, Lois. Number the Stars ; Yearling Books, 1990.
Morgenstren, Naomi. I Wanted To Fly Like a Butterfly ; Yad Vashem, 1998.
Raymes, Frederick, Menachem Mayer. Are the trees in bloom over there?, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem , 2002.
Silberzweig, Sol. Mama, It will be alright ; Yad Vashem, Jerusalem , 2005.
Warren, Andrea. Surviving Hitler ; Scholastic, 2002.
Watts, Irene N.. Remember Me ; Tundra Books, 2000.
Willoughby, Susan. The Holocaust , Heinemann Library, 2001.
4. Bibliography for teachers
Imber, Shulami. Tommy , Yad Vashem.
Tatelbaum, Itzhak B.. Through Our Eyes ; Yad Vashem, 2004.
Collaboration, Choose Your Voice, Antisemitism in Canada , FAST.
Reflections After the Holocaust: “Learning Centre”, (updated: 11/4/05)
Anti-Semitism: Hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group. Hatred of Jews dates back to Ancient times, but the word “anti-Semitism” was coined in the late 19th C. “Racial science” added a false dimension to traditional Jew hatred. In addition, Jews were falsely accused of conspiracies to dominate the world, an idea perpetuated through publications, most notably in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. The Nazis used these definitions as a major component in their war against the Jews, which culminated in the annihilation of two thirds of European Jewry.
Aryan: The Nazis took a term used to describe an ancient tribe and applied it to themselves, falsely claiming their own “Aryan race” to be superior to all other racial groups. The term “non-Aryan” was used to designate Jews, part-Jews and others of supposedly inferior race.
Auschwitz: A concentration camp established in 1940 near Oswiecim, Poland. In 1942, it became an extermination camp. It contained a labor camp, the death camp Birkenau , and the slave labour camp, Buna-Monowitz. Approximately 1.5 million Jews were murdered in Auschwitz .
Bystander: one present but not taking part in a situation or event, a chance spectator.
Concentration Camp: Any internment camp for holding “enemies of the Third Reich”. The construction of concentration camps began almost immediately after Hitler came to power. Thousands of camps were established during the war.
“Final Solution”: Nazi euphemism for the extermination of European Jewry.
Extermination center: established occupied Poland for the mass murder of Jews and other victims, primarily by poison gas. These were Auschwitz-Birkenau, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor, and Treblinka.
Genocide: (from Greek genos , “race” and Latin caedes , “killing”): A word first used by Polish-Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin in 1943 to describe an official government policy for the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, cultural, or religious group.
Ghetto: The Nazis revived the medieval term to describe their device of concentration and control, the compulsory “Jewish Quarter”. Established in poor areas, Jews were forced to live in overcrowded and desperate conditions.
Kristallnacht: November 9-10, 1938, days on which the Nazis coordinated an attack on Jewish people and their property in Germany and German-controlled lands. Over 1400 synagogues were destroyed. 30,000 men and boys were deported to concentration camps.
Jude: the German word for Jew.
Nazi: The National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), established in 1919. In 1933 the Nazi Party achieved political control of Germany through democratic election.
Terezin (Czech)/Theresienstadt (German): Terezin was established in 1942 as a “model camp” to deflect international criticism of the Nazi's treatment of Jews and to camouflage the extermination of Jews from world opinion. Situated in north-western Czechoslovakia, it served as a transit camp for Jews en route to the extermination centres of Treblinaka, Majdanek and Auschwitz-Birkenau.
Zyklon B: Hydrogen cyanide. A poisonous gas originally developed as a fumigation agent to remove pesticides, and later used in the Nazi gas chambers for mass murder.
References:
Diaries: Anne Frank, Moshe Flinker, Chaim Kaplan, Rachel Auerbach
Memoires: Yankel Wiernik,Elie Wiesel
Poem: Avraham Sutskevre, Dan Pagis, Nelly Sachs
Stories: Peretz Opocynski, Rachmil Bryks
Novels: Aaron Applefeld, Ida Fink
Drama: Rolf Hochhuth, Charlotte Delboe
Film: Sidney Lumet, The Pawnbroker ; Claude Lanzmann, Shoah
Tales: Yaffa Eliach
Ghetto: Emmanuel Ringelblum; John Hersey
Camps: Art Spiegelman; Ilona Karmel
Forest/Hiding: Leyb Rochman
Bibliography
1. Website
- www.yadvashem.or.ca
- www.ushmm.org ( Washington Holocaust Museum )
- www.vhf.org (Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation)
- www.adl.org (Anti-Defamation League)
- www.bh.org.il (Diaspora Museum Tel Aviv)
- www.humboldt.edu
- www.rongreene.com
- www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/index.htm
- www.pwl.netcom.com
- www.holocaust-history.org
2.1 General treatment of the subject of the Holocaust
Bauer, Yehuda. The Holocaust: A History , New York , Watts , 1982.
Dawidowicz, Lucy. The War Against Jews: 1933-194 , New York , Holt Rinehart and Winston, 1975.
2.2 Historiography
Kershaw, Ian. The Nazi Dictatorship, Problems and Perspectives of the Interpretation , London , Edward Arnold, 1989.
Maurrus, Michael Robert. The Holocaust in History , Hanover ; University of New England , 1987.
2.3 Nazi policies towards the Jews
Breitman, Richard. Himmler, The Architect of the Genocide
Browning, Christopher. Ordinary Men
Friedlander, Saul. Nazi Germany and the Jews 1933-39
2.4 Response of the bystanders
Feingold, Harry. The Politics of Rescue ; Rutgers University Press, 1970.
Wyman, David. The Abandonment of the Jews; New York , Pantheon Books, 1984.
2.5 Jews in the Ghettos
Arad , Yitzhak. Ghetto in Flames: The Struggle and the Destruction of Jews of Vilna in the Holocaust ; Jerusalem , Yad Vashem, 1980.
Gutman , Israel . The Jews of Warsaw ; University of Indiana Press, 1982.
2.6 Death Camps
Arad , Yitzhak. Belzec, Soibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard Death Camps ; Bloomington ; Indiana Press, 1987.
Hilberg, Raul. The Destruction of the European Jews ; Holmes and Meir, 1985.
Riess, Klee Dressen. The Good Old Days.
3. Bibliography for students
Auerbacher, Inge. I am a star , Penguin Books, 1986.
Greenfeld, Howard. After the Holocaust ; Scholastic, 2002.
The Holocaust ; Grolier Student Library, 5 Books, 2002.
Hesse, Kare. Letters from Rifka ; Random House, 1964.
Kacer, Kathy. The Night Spies ; Second Story Press, 2003.
Lowry, Lois. Number the Stars ; Yearling Books, 1990.
Morgenstren, Naomi. I Wanted To Fly Like a Butterfly ; Yad Vashem, 1998.
Raymes, Frederick, Menachem Mayer. Are the trees in bloom over there?, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem , 2002.
Silberzweig, Sol. Mama, It will be alright ; Yad Vashem, Jerusalem , 2005.
Warren, Andrea. Surviving Hitler ; Scholastic, 2002.
Watts, Irene N.. Remember Me ; Tundra Books, 2000.
Willoughby, Susan. The Holocaust , Heinemann Library, 2001.
4. Bibliography for teachers
Imber, Shulami. Tommy , Yad Vashem.
Tatelbaum, Itzhak B.. Through Our Eyes ; Yad Vashem, 2004.
Collaboration, Choose Your Voice, Antisemitism in Canada , FAST.
Reflections After the Holocaust: “Learning Centre”, (updated: 11/4/05)
- How did the people become mass murderers during the Holocaust?
- Could the Holocaust have happened without Hitler?
- Why did the Nazis want to kill the Jews specifically?
- How could a cultured nation implement mass murder?
- What were the dilemmas facing the Jewish leadership during the Holocaust?
- Could Jews have escaped their fate?
- Where was God during the Shoah?
- Why did the Allies not bomb Auschwitz ?
- How did the local population respond to the murder of the Jews?
- How is the Holocaust a unique event?
- How did Christian denominations respond to the Holocaust?
- Is anti-Semitism an eternal phenomenon?
- How will Holocaust remembrance be shaped in the future?
- Are there any limitations to the artistic representation of the Holocaust? What happened to the concepts of good and evil after the Holocaust?
- Has the world recovered from the trauma of the Holocaust?
- Do the nations of the world have a responsibility toward promoting Holocaust remembrance?
Anti-Semitism: Hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group. Hatred of Jews dates back to Ancient times, but the word “anti-Semitism” was coined in the late 19th C. “Racial science” added a false dimension to traditional Jew hatred. In addition, Jews were falsely accused of conspiracies to dominate the world, an idea perpetuated through publications, most notably in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. The Nazis used these definitions as a major component in their war against the Jews, which culminated in the annihilation of two thirds of European Jewry.
Aryan: The Nazis took a term used to describe an ancient tribe and applied it to themselves, falsely claiming their own “Aryan race” to be superior to all other racial groups. The term “non-Aryan” was used to designate Jews, part-Jews and others of supposedly inferior race.
Auschwitz: A concentration camp established in 1940 near Oswiecim, Poland. In 1942, it became an extermination camp. It contained a labor camp, the death camp Birkenau , and the slave labour camp, Buna-Monowitz. Approximately 1.5 million Jews were murdered in Auschwitz .
Bystander: one present but not taking part in a situation or event, a chance spectator.
Concentration Camp: Any internment camp for holding “enemies of the Third Reich”. The construction of concentration camps began almost immediately after Hitler came to power. Thousands of camps were established during the war.
“Final Solution”: Nazi euphemism for the extermination of European Jewry.
Extermination center: established occupied Poland for the mass murder of Jews and other victims, primarily by poison gas. These were Auschwitz-Birkenau, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor, and Treblinka.
Genocide: (from Greek genos , “race” and Latin caedes , “killing”): A word first used by Polish-Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin in 1943 to describe an official government policy for the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, cultural, or religious group.
Ghetto: The Nazis revived the medieval term to describe their device of concentration and control, the compulsory “Jewish Quarter”. Established in poor areas, Jews were forced to live in overcrowded and desperate conditions.
Kristallnacht: November 9-10, 1938, days on which the Nazis coordinated an attack on Jewish people and their property in Germany and German-controlled lands. Over 1400 synagogues were destroyed. 30,000 men and boys were deported to concentration camps.
Jude: the German word for Jew.
Nazi: The National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), established in 1919. In 1933 the Nazi Party achieved political control of Germany through democratic election.
Terezin (Czech)/Theresienstadt (German): Terezin was established in 1942 as a “model camp” to deflect international criticism of the Nazi's treatment of Jews and to camouflage the extermination of Jews from world opinion. Situated in north-western Czechoslovakia, it served as a transit camp for Jews en route to the extermination centres of Treblinaka, Majdanek and Auschwitz-Birkenau.
Zyklon B: Hydrogen cyanide. A poisonous gas originally developed as a fumigation agent to remove pesticides, and later used in the Nazi gas chambers for mass murder.
References:
Diaries: Anne Frank, Moshe Flinker, Chaim Kaplan, Rachel Auerbach
Memoires: Yankel Wiernik,Elie Wiesel
Poem: Avraham Sutskevre, Dan Pagis, Nelly Sachs
Stories: Peretz Opocynski, Rachmil Bryks
Novels: Aaron Applefeld, Ida Fink
Drama: Rolf Hochhuth, Charlotte Delboe
Film: Sidney Lumet, The Pawnbroker ; Claude Lanzmann, Shoah
Tales: Yaffa Eliach
Ghetto: Emmanuel Ringelblum; John Hersey
Camps: Art Spiegelman; Ilona Karmel
Forest/Hiding: Leyb Rochman
